Common Sense
from http://www.phrases.org.uk/meanings/common-sense.html
Meaning
Good practical sense. The natural intelligence that is believed to be available to all rational people.
Origin
Thomas Paine published a pamphlet entitled Common Sense in January 1776. It called for America to become independent of Britain and a copy of the original is considered a treasure of the US Library of Congress, being one of the wellsprings of the thinking that founded the country. Common sense, that is, a plain practical ‘get on with the job’ philosophy is part of the American psyche.
Paine is sometimes thought to be American but in fact emigrated to the USA after living the majority of his life in the archetypally English country town of Thetford, Norfolk. Despite his radical views he considered himself English and the pamphlet’s author was simply identified as “An Englishman”. Nor, as is also sometimes believed, did he invent the term ‘common sense’, which had been in use in his native land long before Paine’s day.
In the original 14th century meaning of the term, ‘common sense’ was a sense like our other senses. It was an internal feeling that was regarded as the common bond that united all the other human senses, the ‘five wits’ as they were known, and was something akin to what we now call ‘heart’.
By the 16th century, the meaning had changed to be more like our present day meaning, that is, ‘the plain wisdom that everyone possesses’. George Joye used the expression in Apology for William Tindale, 1535:
I am suer T[indale] is not so farre besydis his comon sencis as to saye the dead bodye hereth Cristis voyce.
[Note: ‘apology’ then meant ‘defence against attack’/’justification of one’s views’, and was commonly used in the titles of scholarly disputes.]
